Monday, November 29, 2010

HIST 147 MULTIPLE CHOICE EXAMINATION


1. Arawakan speaking people settled MAINLY in

A. Florida, Cuba, Trinidad
B. Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica
C. Puerto Rico, St. Thomas, Aruba
D. Grenada, Trinidad, St. Lucia

2. The Conuco was

A. The method of rotational agriculture practiced by the Neo Indians.
B. A small plot of land cleared for cultivation.
C. The worldview of the Neo Indians which valued respect for the land.
D. None of the above.

3. Which of the following best describes the religious practices of the Kalinagos and the Tainos?

A. Nature worship and animal sacrifice.
B. Nature worship and ancestor worship
C. Protective magic and animal sacrifice
D. Long periods of fasting and ancestor worship


4. Through which of the following ways could a Taino cacique gain his position?

A Succession from father to son.
B. Election by men of the tribe.
C. Success in wars fought with the Kalinagos.
D. Appointment by the nobles of the tribe.

5. Kalinago settlements were to be found MAINLY in

A. Hispaniola, St. Maarten, Bermuda
B. St. Vincent, Cuba, Jamaica
C. Dominica, Martinique, Aruba
D. St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Dominica

6. Christopher Columbus sailed west MAINLY because he wanted to

A. discover the Americas
B. find a passage to the East
C. compete with the English
D. prove that the world was round




7. The Dutch were known as the “godfathers” or “foster fathers” of the Caribbean because

A. They stood up on behalf of the smaller islands.
B. They fostered good relations between the European powers.
C. They provided the settlements with supplies.
D. They introduced the important crop of tobacco.

8. In which of the following islands were Dutch colonies established

A. St. Kitts, Trinidad, Aruba
B. Aruba, Curaçao, Martinique
C. Bonaire, St. Eustatius, Aruba
D. Curacao, Tobago, St. Lucia


9. The following question refers to the following statement

The Spaniards collected tribute from the Indians. In return, they
had to see that the Indians were “protected” and converted to Christianity.

The “practice” described above was known as the

A. asiento
B. audiencia
C. encomienda
D. residencia

10. For which of the following reasons were the Navigation Acts passed?

I. To destroy Dutch trade with English colonies
II. To create free trade in the Caribbean
III. To increase the profits of trade for the British
IV. To increase British shipping and ship building

A. I and II only
B. III and IV only
C. I, III and IV only
D. II, III and IV only

11. The change from tobacco to sugar in the British Caribbean in the 1640’s resulted in

A. fewer small holdings and more large plantations
B. an over-production of food in the territories
C. an increase in the number of peasant farmers
D. less trade between the colonies and Britain

12. Which of the following is the correct ranking from lowest to highest social status, on the slave plantation?

A. Whites, coloureds, blacks
B. Whites, blacks, coloureds
C. Blacks, coloured, whites
D. Coloureds, whites, blacks

13. Which of the following is true of the enslaved in the British Caribbean?

(A) They were allowed to own small properties without the master’s permission
(B) They were allowed to raise a family without the master’s permission
(C) They were encouraged by their masters to educate themselves
(D) They were encouraged by their masters to farm on small provision grounds

14. In which order did the following industries become important in the Caribbean?

A. Sugar, Tourism, Banana, Tobacco
B. Tobacco, Sugar, Banana, Tourism
C. Tobacco, Banana, Sugar, Tourism
D. Tobacco, Sugar, Tourism, Banana

15. Which of the following terms described the economic philosophy of the Europeans during the seventeenth century?

A. Capitalism
B. Bullionism
C. Mercantilism
D. Colonialism

16. Who brought large-scale sugar production to the region?

A. The British
B. The Dutch
C. The French
D. The Spanish

17. Tobacco ceased to be a staple crop in the early English Caribbean colonies MAINLY because

A. there was a decline in the quality of West Indian tobacco
B. West Indian tobacco could not successfully compete on the European market
C. European demand for tobacco declined
D. labour was insufficient to grow tobacco

18. Which law did not pertain to the enslaved in the Caribbean?

A. The Code Noir
B. The Siete Partidas
C. The Abolition Act
D. The Law of Burgos

19. Which of the following changes was a result of the shift from tobacco to sugar in the British West Indies?

A .Fewer small holdings and more large plantations
B. An overproduction of food in the colonies
C. An increase in the number of peasants
D. Less trade between the colonies and Britain

20. The term “first gang” referred to

A.Those slaves who did the lighter tasks
B.Those slaves who provided the bulk of the workforce
C.Those slaves who did the weeding
D.Those slaves who were the first to become part of the plantation system

21. Who changed the name of St. Domingue to Haiti?

A. Christophe
B. Napoleon
C. Pétion
D. Dessalines

22. The campaign organized by the Anti-Slavery Society to gain better conditions for the enslaved in the British Caribbean was the

A. Humanitarian campaign
B. Amelioration campaign
C. Evangelical movement
D. Emancipation campaign

23. When did the French recognize Haitian independence?

A.1825
B.1804
C.1815
D.1802




24. The apprenticeship system was implemented in all of the following islands EXCEPT

A. Nevis
B. Antigua
C. Montserrat
D. Barbados

25. Which of the following did not contribute to the Emancipation Act passed in 1833?

A. The decline of British Caribbean sugar
B. The actions of the humanitarians
C. The rise of industrialists and manufacturers who were against enslavement and the trade in African labour
D. The British Caribbean planters who were converted to the idea of free labour over slave labour

26. The arguments of the humanitarians of nineteenth-century Britain against enslavement were MAINLY

A. legal
B. moral
C. political
D. economic

27. In 1763, a major slave uprising took place in the Dutch colony of

A. St Eustatius
B. Curaçao
C. Berbice
D. Surinam

28. Which of the following allowed the enslaved to experience freedom in the midst of enslavement?

A. Apprenticeship
B. Manumission
C. Immigration
D. Amelioration

29. Indentured workers from Madeira brought elements of which culture to the British Caribbean?

A. Asian
B. African
C. Chinese
D. Portuguese

30. The largest number of immigrants into the British Caribbean during the nineteenth-century came from

A. Portugal
B. China
C. India
D. Africa

31. Planters brought in Indian immigrants to work on the sugar estates for all the following reasons EXCEPT that

A. It cost less to transport Indians than Chinese immigrants
B. Indians were supposed to be docile
C. Indians were stronger than the ex-slaves and did more work in a day
D. Indians accepted lower wages than the ex-slaves

32. What was the MAIN reason which led the former enslaved to leave the estates in Trinidad and British Guiana?

A. They refused to have anything to do with sugar growing
B. They did not want to pay rent for the houses and the provision grounds
C. Planters did not leave them free to run their own lives
D. Missionaries encouraged them to leave the estates


33. Which of the following were problems which peasants faced in the British Caribbean after 1838?

i. Difficulty purchasing land and animals
ii. Poor yields owing to inferior lands
iii. Inadequate roads to transport food crops to the markets
iv. Limited knowledge of agricultural techniques

A. i and ii only
B. ii and iv only
C. iii and iv only
D. All of the above

34. Which of the following statements BEST explains why Neo Indians migrated to the Americas from their original homelands?

(A) They were searching for grasslands to feed their life-stock
(B) They were driven out of their homelands by other warlike people
(C) They were following herd of deer which they hunted
(D) Their populations had grow too large to survive in their homelands.


35. In which of the following territories had Spanish colonists established settlements by 1520?
I. Jamaica
II. Cuba
III. Puerto Rico
IV. Dominica

(A) II and III only
(B) I, II and III only
(C) II, III and IV only
(D) I, II, III and IV.

36. The following question refers to the following passage

I shall make it quite clear to your Majesty that the Spaniards
unjustly put to death about twelve million of your subjects in
about forty years.

(A) Columbus
(B) Las Casas
(C) Pizarro
(D) Ovando

37. The enslaved in St. Domingue rebellion were MAINLY interested in

(A) Acquiring their own plantations
(B) Associating with the whites
(C) Establishing the first Negro republic
(D) Freeing all the slaves in the country

38. The expedition sent by Napoleon to St. Domingue in 1801 was intended MAINLY to

(A) expel the British
(B) abolish enslavement
(C) punish the colonists
(D) restore French control

39. In which chronological order did the following events of the Haitian Revolution take place?

I. Invasion of Haiti by the British
II. Fight for Independence by Dessalines
III. Out break of mulatto revolt by Ogé
IV. Invasion of Haiti by forces of Napoleon

(A) II, III, I, IV
(B) III, IV, II, I
(C) IV, II, I, III
(D) III, I, IV, II

40. Which of the following did the Amelioration policies of 1823 propose?

I. No slave woman should be flogged
II. Enslaved families should not be divided
III. The enslaved should not be sold in payment of debt
IV. Saving schemes for slaves should be set up

(A) I and IV only
(B) II and III only
(C) I, II, and IV only
(D) I, II, III and IV

41. The Amelioration policies were opposed by the

(A) West India Committee
(B) Planters in the British Caribbean
(C) Abolitionists
(D) British Parliament

42. The following question is based on the following statement

To the British, the great problem to be solved in drawing up any
plan for the emancipation of the slaves was to get them to continue
to work on the planations.

What system did the British create by the Abolition Act to deal with the “great problem”?
(A) Apprenticeship
(B) Manumission
(C) Immigration
(D) Deficiency Laws

43. The MAIN task of the Stipendiary Magistrates was to

(A) prepare the ex-slaves for adjustment to the new life
(B) give support to the missionaries in the territories
(C) protect the planters from attacks by ex-slaves
(D) ensure that the system of apprentice worked

44. Indian indentured labour was introduced into the British Caribbean in order to

(A) prevent the enslaved from getting jobs
(B) ease the labour problems of the planters
(C) help keep the colonies peaceful
(D) help introduce new crops into the colonies

45. Which of the following explains why Indian indentured workers were imported to Guyana but not to Barbados after 1838?

(A) The Indian government prevented immigration to Barbados
(B) Guyana had a greater need of labour than Barbados
(C) Indentured Indians were better paid in Guyana than in Barbados
(D) It was cheaper to import Indians to Guyana than to Barbados

46. Which of the following BEST describes British Caribbean peasant proprietor in the period after emancipation?

(A) Someone who worked for very low wages
(B) Someone who worked on a large farm
(C) Someone who owned and cultivated at least two acres of land
(D) Someone who sold ground provisions in the market

47. In which of the following territories was there LEAST development of the free village movement in the years immediately after emancipation?

(A) Jamaica
(B) Trinidad
(C) Barbados
(D) Guyana

48. The planters’ MAIN intention in encouraging enslaved to settle near the plantations after emancipation was to have them

(A) guard the plantations
(B) work on the plantations
(C) attend the nearby schools
(D) use estate hospitals

49. The former enslaved in the British Caribbean acquired money to purchase land in the post-emancipation period from which of the following sources?

i. loans from the non-conformist missionaries
ii. proceeds from the sale of their provision grounds
iii. loans from the British government
iv. the pooling together of their resources

(A) I, II and III only
(B) I, II and IV only
(C) II, III and IV only
(D) I, II, III and IV


50. All of the following were factors which influenced the relationship between the British North American colonies and the British Caribbean colonies before 1776 EXCEPT

(A) common mother country
(B) common religious denomination
(C) mutual trade
(D) proximity to each other

51. From which of the following problems did the British Caribbean colonies suffer during the
War of American Independence (1776-1783)?

(i) Difficulty in exporting their sugar
(ii) Food shortages and starvation
(iii) Increase in taxes
(iv) Raids by the US navy

(A) i and ii only (B) i, ii, and iii only
(C) i, ii and iv only (D) i, ii, iii and iv

52. Which of the following reasons explain United States interest in the Caribbean during
the nineteenth century?

i. The islands of the Caribbean were poor and the United States wanted to develop
for their mutual benefit.
ii. The proximity of these islands to the United States made her seek to influence
them.
iii. The vulnerability of these islands was seen by the United States as a threat to her
security.
iv. The United States was now an imperialist power and wanted to expand into the
Caribbean.

(A) ii and iii only (B) iii and iv only
(C) i, ii and iii only (D) i, ii iii and iv

53. In which year was the famous ‘Monroe Doctrine’ issued?

(A) 1822 (B) 1823
(C) 1832 (D) 1833

54. “The adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in cases of wrong doing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power”.

The above statement is associated with President
(A) Grant
(B) Kennedy
(C) Roosevelt
(D) Wilson

55. Which of the following Caribbean territories was NOT occupied by the United States military forces in the early 1900’s?

(A) Jamaica
(B) Haiti
(C) Cuba
(D) Dominican Republic

56. In which chronological order did the United States employ the following strategies for
the acquisition of Cuba?

(i) Annexation (ii) Dollar of diplomacy
(iii) Persuasion (iv) The use of force

(A) i, ii, iii, iv (B) ii, iii, iv
(C) ii, iv, I, iii (D) iv, iii, ii, i


57. Which of the following was intended MAINLY to prevent further expansion of European influence in the New World?

(A) Monroe Doctrine
(B) Dollar Diplomacy
(C) Platt Amendment
(D) Clayton-Bulwer Treaty

58. Which of the following factors influenced United States’ interest in Cuba between 1900 and 1962?

i. Cuba’s nearness to the United States
ii. Cuba was a strategic place for a United States Naval base
iii. Desire by congressmen to add another state to the United States
iv. Eagerness by United States businessmen to invest in Cuba

(A) I and II only
(B) III and IV only
(C) I, II and IV only
(D) II, III and IV only

59. The IMMEDIATE cause of the Spanish-American war of 1898 was the

(A) blowing up of the United States ship Maine
(B) decline in trade between Cuba and the United States
(C) denial of the basic human rights to the Cubans
(D) threat to the United States’ investment in Cuba

60. In 1902 it was agreed that the United States could intervene in Cuba for the, preservation of independence, and for the protection of life, property and individual liberty. The document which gave these concessions to the United States was the

(A) Declaration of Independence
(B) Monroe Doctrine
(C) Platt Amendment
(D) Roosevelt Corollary


61. What was the name of the programme that the President initiated to distribute wealth
and assist in recovery from the depression?

(A) The Big Stick Policy
(B) Dollar Diplomacy
(C) The Good Neighbour Policy
(D) The New Deal

62. The method by which the United States acquired Panama from Columbia in 1903 was

(A) annexation
(B) dollar diplomacy
(C) the instigation of a rebellion
(D) a military take-over

63. Which of the following were the stipulations of the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty signed
between the United States and Panama in 1903?

(i) panama was to be a protectorate of the United States.
(ii) Panama was to receive an annual rent of $250,000 for 99 years.
(iii) The United States was given the 10-mile strip across the isthmus of Panama.
(iv) The United States had the right to police the entire canal zone.

(A) i and iii only (B) ii, and iv only
(C) i, ii and iii only (D) i, ii, iii and iv

64. In which year was the Panama Canal opened to traffic?

(A) 1900 (B) 1903
(C) 1912 (D) 1914


65. The United States naval base in Cuba is called

(A) bay of Pigs (B) Guantanamo
(C) Havana (D) Sierra Maestro

66. The United States naval base in Trinidad was situated in

(A) Laventille
(B) La Brea
(C) Chaguaramas
(D) Wallerfield

67. The United States was given the right to establish naval bases in the British West
Indies during World War II by the British Government in exchange for

(A) fifty obsolete destroyers
(B) fifty million United States dollars
(C) trading rights for the British Government for fifty years
(D) the backing of the British Policy by the United States

68. “I took Panama.” This statement was allegedly made by

(A) Franklin D. Roosevelt
(B) Theodore Roosevelt
(C) William Taft
(D) Woodrow Wilson

69. Which one of the following factors was NOT a reason for the high rate of
unemployment among the working class in the British West Indies in 1930s?

(A) The decline of the sugar industry
(B) The failure of alternative crops which replaced sugar
(C) The termination of migration opportunities
(D) The refusal of workers to participate in agriculture

70. The disturbances in the 1930s first began in the island of

(A) Barbados (B) Jamaica
(C) St. Kitts (D) St. Vincent

71. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the social unrest of the 1930’s?

(A) It was connected with trade union activities
(B) It was a protest against social conditions
(C) It led to the appointment of the Moyne Commission
(D) It was led by European revolutionaries

72. Which one of the great West Indians identified below was NOT involved in the disturbances of 1930s?

(A) Alexander Bustamante
(B) Uriah Butler
(C) Marcus Garvey
(D) Clement Payne

73. Marcus Garvey is BEST remembered for his

(A) association with the trade union movement
(B) deportation from the United States
(C) teachings on black nationalism
(D) participation in the 1937 riots

74. Which one of the following labour leaders is not correctly paired with the territory in which he operated?

(A) Arthur Cipriani - Trinidad
(B) Hubert Critchlow - British Guiana
(C) Theophilus Marryshow - Antigua
(D) Norman Manley - Jamaica

75. The Caribbean Congress of Labour was held in 1938 in the colony of

(A) Barbados (B) British Guiana
(C) Trinidad (D) St. Vincent

76. One important result of the disturbances in the 1930’s in the British Caribbean was the appointment of the

(A) Deane Commission
(B) Moyne Commission
(C) Norman Commission
(D) Foster Commission

77. Which of the recommendations identified below were made by the Caribbean Labour
Congress which met in 1938?

(i ) Minimum wage legislation
(ii) The Federation of the British West Indies
(iii ) The forty-four hour week
(iv ) The right to picket peacefully

(A) i, ii and iii only (B) i, iii and iv only
(C) ii, iii and iv only (D) i, ii iii and iv


78. The Royal Commission which was established in 1938 to investigate the socio-economic conditions in the British West Indies and to make recommendations for the improvement of
these conditions was the

(A) Dean Commission (B) Moyne Commission
(C) Norman Commission (D) Oliver Commission

79. Which of the statements below is NOT true about Trade Unions activity in the British West Indies before 1938?

(A) They met with stiff opposition from the Governors and the Colonial Office
(B) They were badly organized and suffered from lack of funds.
(C) They were not legally recognized and had no legal status.
(D) Trade Unions were weak because their membership was quite small

80. The MAIN reason for the establishment of Trade Unions in the British Caribbean in the 1930’s and 1940’s was to

(A) extend the vote to all working people
(B) organize strikes on all estates and on the docks
(C) improve wages and living conditions for workers
(D) create equality between all men in the society

81. The first federation in the British West Indies was the federation of the Leeward Islands. It was inaugurated by

(A) Sir Grantley Adams
(B) Sir John Pope-Hennessy
(C) Sir Benjamin Pine
(D) Sir Williams Stapleton

82. Which of the following countries was never a Crown Colony?

(A) Barbados
(B) Guyana
(C) Jamaica
(D) St. Vincent

83. In the early twentieth century all the following factors made the West Indian Islands more closely linked EXCEPT

(A) Cricket teams
(B) Easier transportation
(C) Producers’ Associations
(D) Workingmen’s Association

84. Which one of the following leaders was strongly opposed to the federation of the West Indies?

(A) Grantley Adams
(B) Alexander Bustamante
(C) Norman Manley
(D) Eric Williams

85. In which year was the Federation of the West Indies established?

(A) 1947 (B) 1956
(C ) 1958 (D) 1960
86. The British West Indies Federation of 1958 was established because

(A) West Indian leaders felt that independence would be achieved faster through federation
(B) French West Indian colonies had begun to federate
(C) The old representative system proved to be useless
(D) The Crown Colony government had given West Indians experience in running their own affairs

87. Which Committee drafted the Federal Constitution for the British West Indies?

(A) The Montego Bay Committee
(B) The Federal Economic Committee
(C) The Regional Federal Committee
(D) The Standing Closer Association

88. How many colonies participated in the Federation of the West Indies

(A) 9 (B) 10
(C ) 11 (D) 12

89. The Governor-General of the federated West Indies was

(A) Grantley Adams
(B) Lord Hailes
(C) Norman Manley
(D) Eric Williams

90. In is true to state that British Honduras and British Guiana

(A) Entered the Federation later than the other territories.
(B) Joined the federation from the outset.
(C) Led some island out of the Federation.
(D) Rejected the Federation from its inception

91. The two parties which contested the federal elections were the

i. People’s National Party
ii. West Indies Federal Labour Party
iii. Democratic Labour Party
iv. Federal National Movement

(A) i and iv (B) iii and iv
(C) i and iii (D) ii and iii




92. The Federal Government had control over all of the following regional organizations
EXCEPT the

(A) Federal Civil Service
(B) Social Welfare of the Units
(C) University College of the West Indies
(D) West Indian Regiment

93. The federal capital of the West Indies was in

(A) Barbados
(B) Jamaica
(C) Montserrat
(D) Trinidad

94. The Federation of the West Indies ended in the year

(A) 1959 (B) 1962
(C) 1956 (D) 1966

95. The island which called a referendum to decide on the issue of remaining in the Federation of the West Indies was

(A) Antigua
(B) Barbados
(C) Jamaica
(D) Trinidad

96. By the referendum of 1961, Jamaica decided to

(A) Withdraw from federation
(B) Change the federal capital
(C) Change its federal representative
(D) Reduce its financial contribution to the federation

97. The strongest critics of Crown Colony government were to be found among

(A) officials at the Colonial Office
(B) British governors in the Caribbean
(C) Members of the upper class in the Caribbean
(D) Middle-class Caribbean political figures

98. In which order did the following events which led to the break up of the 1958 Federation occur?

i. The withdrawal of Jamaica
ii. The withdrawal of Trinidad
iii. The Jamaican Referendum
iv. The Independence of Trinidad

(A) I, II, IV, III
(B) III, I, II, IV
(C) II, III, I, IV
(D) I, II, III, IV

99. Which of the following represented the MAJOR source of labour in the British Caribbean between 1660 and 1833?

(A) African labour
(B) Amerindian labour
(C) Indian labour
(D) White indentured labour

100. In which chronological order did the following industries develop in the Caribbean?

i. Petroleum
ii. Tobacco
iii. Sugar
iv. Banana

(A) I, II, III, IV
(B) III, II, I, IV
(C) II, III, I, IV
(D) II, III, IV, I

101. Colonialism may be described as the

(A) spread of Roman Catholicism worldwide
(B) settlement and exploitation of one country by another
(C) assistance given to developing countries by developed ones
(D) large-scale killing of native people by a more powerful group


102. Which of the following British West Indian territories was first granted adult suffrage?

(A) Jamaica
(B) Barbados
(C) Trinidad
(D) Guyana

103. Which of the following statements is TRUE of Cuba in the 1800’s?

(A) It became a major sugar producing territory
(B) Tobacco replaced sugar as the leading product
(C) Indigenous Indians were the major source of agricultural labour
(D) Logwood production became a major industry

104. The “Sugar Revolution” refers to

(A) the introduction of new methods of manufacturing sugar
(B) the successful slave revolt in St. Domingue in 1791
(C) the change in chief crop from tobacco to sugar
(D) the change in European markets to beet sugar in the nineteenth century

105. The first Caribbean country to gain its independence was

(A) Haiti
(B) The Dominican Republic
(C) Cuba
(D) Jamaica


106. The two islands which demanded increased representation in the Federal House of
representatives were

(A) Jamaica and Barbados
(B) Jamaica and Trinidad
(C) Trinidad and Barbados
(D) Trinidad and Tobago

107. The first island of the former Federation of the West Indies to become independent was

(A) Barbados
(B) Dominica
(C) Jamaica
(D) Trinidad






108. Which West Indian political leader declared his intentions of leaving the Federation by
saying “One from ten leaves nothing”
(A) Grantley Adams
(B) Alexander Bustamante
(C) Norman Manley
(D) Eric Williams


109. Who is the Prime Minister of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana?

(A) Bharrat Jagdeo
(B) Samuel Hinds
(C) Janet Jagan
(D) None of the above


110. Who is the Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Dominica?

(E) Roosevelt Douglas
(F) Roosevelt Skerrit
(G) Mary Eugenia Charles
(H) Dr. Denzil Douglas

111. What is the capital of Jamaica?

(I) Kingstown
(J) Ocho Rios
(K) Montego Bay
(L) None of the above


112. What is the capital of Grenada?

(M) Georgetown
(N) St. George’s
(O) Bridgetown
(P) Castries


113. Who was the last Prime Minister of Jamaica elected on a JLP ticket?

(Q) P.J. Patterson
(R) Michael Manley
(S) Edward Seaga
(T) Bruce Golding


114. To which island of the Caribbean was the following description most applicable at the turn of the 19th century “British owned, dominated by a French Creole elite and ruled by Spanish law.”

(U) Barbados
(V) St. Lucia
(W) Trinidad
(X) Dominica

115. On which island of the Caribbean is the ET Joshua International Airport located?

(Y) Dominica
(Z) St. Lucia
(AA) St. Vincent
(BB) Montserrat

116. Which island of the Caribbean has the largest rivers?

(CC) Guyana
(DD) Trinidad
(EE) Barbados
(FF) Antigua

117. On which island of the Caribbean are the Pitons found?

(GG) St. Lucia
(HH) St. Vincent
(II) Antigua
(JJ) St. Kitts

118. Who is the Leader of the Opposition in Trinidad and Tobago?

(KK) Basdeo Panday
(LL) Winston Dookeran
(MM) Kamla Persad-Bissessar
(NN) Wade Mark

119. Who is the Secretary General of Caricom?

(OO) Sir Shridath Ramphal
(PP) Dr. Roderick Rainford
(QQ) Dr. Edwin Carrington
(RR) Dr. Kofi Annan

120. Where is the Caricom Secretariat located?

(SS) Chaguaramas Trinidad
(TT) Bridgetown Barbados
(UU) Georgetown Guyana
(VV) Castries St. Lucia

Thursday, October 7, 2010

Monday, September 27, 2010

Arrival

This video clip shows the landing of Columbus and his fleet on the island of Guanahani which was renamed San Salvador by the Spanish.

Age of Exploration

Africa in the New World


In 1862, while drilling for oil in the modern Mexican state of Tabasco, a startling discovery was made. Buried beneath the jungle floor was a Colossal Stone head! Exhibiting negroid features, the head fell into none of the artistic styles of the known civilizations of Mexico. Years later in 1942, Archeologist Matthew Stirling was intrigued by this Colossal Head and began excavations at the nearby ancient city of La Venta.
Evidence of the early Africans is widespread and varied. Dozens of majestic stone heads have been found at ancient sacred sites, such as La Venta and Tres Zapotes in southern Mexico (See photograph). Ranging up to 9 feet and 4 inches in height, with a circumference of 22 feet, and weighing 30 to 40 tons, these colossal statues depict helmeted Black men with large eyes, broad fleshy noses and full lips. They appear to represent priest-kings who ruled vast territories in the ancient New World from provinces near the Gulf of Mexico.
Other art-work also serves as evidence of Africans in America before Columbus. For years the late art historian, Alexander Von Wuthenau, collected ancient clay figurines that provide clues regarding the diversity of America's pre-Columbian population. His remarkable African collection depicts priests, chiefs, dancers, wrestlers, drummers, beautiful women and stately men - a collage of Black people who occupied every stratum of society from Mexico to South America.

Monday, September 6, 2010

What is History

"Since history has no properly scientific value, its only purpose is educative. And if historians neglect to educate the public, if they fail to interest it intelligently in the past, then all their historical learning is valueless except in so far as it educates themselves." G. M. Trevelyan.


Historians do not perform heart transplants, improve highway design, or arrest criminals. In a society that quite correctly expects education to serve useful purposes, the functions of history can seem more difficult to define than those of engineering or medicine. History is in fact very useful, actually indispensable, but the products of historical study are less tangible, sometimes less immediate, than those that stem from some other disciplines.
Peter Stearns

What are your thoughts on the above quotes?